Rotator Cuff Injuries: Symptoms, Treatment, and Physiotherapy Rehabilitation

A rotator cuff injury can be frustrating, making simple movements like reaching for a cup or lifting a bag feel painful. The rotator cuff is a crucial part of the shoulder, helping with movement and stability. When injured, it can lead to persistent discomfort and weakness. At physio Performance physiotherapy Central Dunedin, we understand how important proper rehabilitation is for restoring strength and function. Let’s explore rotator cuff injuries, their symptoms, and how physiotherapy can help with recovery.

What Is the Rotator Cuff?

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. These structures help stabilise the joint and enable smooth arm movement. When the rotator cuff is damaged, the shoulder can become painful, weak, and difficult to move.

Common Causes of Rotator Cuff Injuries

Rotator cuff injuries can happen due to various reasons, including:

• Repetitive Movements: Overuse from sports, work, or daily activities can strain the rotator cuff.

• Acute Injuries: A sudden fall, lifting something heavy, or a direct impact can tear the rotator cuff.

• Degenerative Wear and Tear: Over time, aging can cause the tendons to weaken, making them more prone to injury.

• Poor Posture: Slouching or rounded shoulders can increase strain on the rotator cuff.

Symptoms of a Rotator Cuff Injury

A rotator cuff injury can present differently depending on its severity. Some common signs include:

• Shoulder Pain: A dull ache that may become sharp when moving the arm.

• Weakness in the Shoulder: Difficulty lifting or rotating the arm.

• Limited Range of Motion: Stiffness or discomfort when reaching overhead or behind the back.

• Clicking or Popping Sounds: Noises in the shoulder when moving the arm.

• Pain at Night: Discomfort that worsens when lying on the affected shoulder.

Types of Rotator Cuff Injuries

There are different types of rotator cuff injuries, each requiring specific treatment approaches.

1. Rotator Cuff Strain or Tendinitis

This occurs when the tendons become inflamed due to overuse. It often develops gradually and leads to pain with movement.

2. Partial Tear

A partial tear means the tendon is damaged but not completely severed. This can cause significant pain and weakness.

3. Full-Thickness Tear

A complete tear occurs when the tendon is fully detached from the bone. This usually results in severe pain and loss of function.

How Physiotherapy Helps Rotator Cuff Recovery

Physiotherapy is a key component of rotator cuff rehabilitation. At Physiotherapy Central Dunedin, we focus on restoring movement, reducing pain, and strengthening the shoulder. Here’s how we help:

1. Assessment and Diagnosis

A thorough assessment is performed to determine the severity of the injury and create a tailored treatment plan.

2. Pain Management

• Ice and Heat Therapy: Reduces inflammation and relaxes muscles.

• Manual Therapy: Hands-on techniques to relieve tension and improve mobility.

• Taping or Bracing: Provides support to the shoulder during healing.

3. Strengthening and Mobility Exercises

• Isometric Exercises: Builds muscle without straining the injury.

• Resistance Band Workouts: Strengthens the rotator cuff safely.

• Scapular Stabilisation Exercises: Improves shoulder mechanics to reduce strain.

4. Postural Corrections

Poor posture contributes to rotator cuff injuries. Physiotherapists guide you on maintaining proper alignment to avoid reinjury.

5. Stretching and Flexibility Training

Gentle stretching exercises help improve shoulder mobility and prevent stiffness.

6. Functional Training

Once strength and mobility improve, we incorporate movements that mimic daily activities to ensure a full return to function.

When Is Surgery Needed?

While many rotator cuff injuries heal with physiotherapy, some severe cases require surgery. Surgery may be necessary if:

• The tear is complete and significantly impacts movement.

• Conservative treatment hasn’t improved symptoms after several months.

• There is ongoing weakness preventing daily activities.

• Post-surgical physiotherapy is essential for regaining strength and mobility after a rotator cuff repair.

Preventing Rotator Cuff Injuries

To reduce the risk of rotator cuff injuries, consider the following tips:

• Maintain Good Posture: Keep shoulders in a neutral position when sitting and standing.

• Strengthen Shoulder Muscles: Perform targeted exercises to keep the rotator cuff strong.

• Warm-Up Before Activity: Always prepare the muscles before exercise or heavy lifting.

• Avoid Repetitive Overhead Movements: Take breaks if your activities involve frequent shoulder use.

Recover with Physiotherapy Central Dunedin

A rotator cuff injury doesn’t have to mean long-term discomfort or loss of movement. With the right treatment and physiotherapy plan, you can regain strength, improve mobility, and prevent further damage. At Physio Performance Physiotherapy Central Dunedin, we offer expert care tailored to your recovery needs.

If you’re struggling with shoulder pain, book an appointment today and take the first step toward recovery.